83208.98BiBismuth
Bismuth (Bi) — element 83post-transition metal · group 15, period 6
Bismuth is a chemical element with the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. It is a post-transition metal in group 15, period 6 of the periodic table (the p-block), with a standard atomic mass of 208.98 u. At room temperature (25 °C) bismuth is a solid.
💡 Known for: The heaviest element that is practically stable; used in stomach remedies and grows colourful iridescent crystals.
# Bismuth properties
| Symbol | Bi |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 83 |
| Atomic mass | 208.98 u |
| Category | post-transition metal |
| Group | 15 |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | p-block |
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³ |
| Full configuration | 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³ |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 |
| Protons / electrons | 83 / 83 |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| Melting point | 544.7 K (271.6 °C, 520.8 °F) |
| Boiling point | 1837 K (1563.8 °C, 2846.9 °F) |
| Density | 9.807 g/cm³ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.02 |
| First ionization energy | 7.286 eV |
| Atomic radius | 143 pm |
| Discovered | 1753 |
# Electron configuration of bismuth
The electron configuration of bismuth is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³, written out in full as 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³. Its 83 electrons fill 6 shells as 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5, so the outermost shell holds 5 electrons. As a group 15 element, bismuth has 5 valence electrons.
# Related elements
PbLeadprevious elementPoPoloniumnext elementNNitrogengroup 15PPhosphorusgroup 15AsArsenicgroup 15SbAntimonygroup 15McMoscoviumgroup 15AlAluminiumpost-transition metalGaGalliumpost-transition metalInIndiumpost-transition metalSnTinpost-transition metalTlThalliumpost-transition metalNhNihoniumpost-transition metalFlFleroviumpost-transition metalLvLivermoriumpost-transition metal
# Bismuth FAQ
What is the atomic number of bismuth?
The atomic number of bismuth is 83: every bismuth atom has 83 protons in its nucleus. Its symbol is Bi.
What is the atomic mass of bismuth?
The standard atomic mass of bismuth is 208.98 u.
What is the electron configuration of bismuth?
Bismuth's electron configuration is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³ (1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³), with 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 electrons per shell.
Is bismuth a metal?
Yes. Bismuth is a post-transition metal, one of the metals.
What is the melting point of bismuth?
Bismuth melts at 544.7 K (271.6 °C, 520.8 °F) and boils at 1837 K (1563.8 °C, 2846.9 °F).
What is bismuth used for / known for?
The heaviest element that is practically stable; used in stomach remedies and grows colourful iridescent crystals.